棣栧綋鍏跺啿 杩戜箟璇?/h2>
棣栧綋鍏跺啿杩戜箟璇嶏細涓椹綋鍏堛?/p>
褰擄細鎵垮綋锛屾壙鍙楋紱鍐诧細瑕佸啿锛屼氦閫氳閬撱傛瘮鍠绘渶鍏堝彈鍒版敾鍑绘垨閬埌鐏鹃毦銆?/p>
銆婁笁鍥藉織路鍏瓩鐡掍紶銆嬭４鏉句箣娉ㄥ紩銆婄尞甯濇槬绉嬨嬶細鈥滅洊闂诲湪鏄旇“鍛ㄤ箣涓栵紱鍍靛案娴佽锛涗互涓轰笉鐒讹紱宀傛剰浠婃棩韬綋鍏跺啿銆傗?/p>
鍦ㄦ墤鐏ぇ鍏村畨宀．鏋楃伀鐏剧殑鎴樻枟涓紝鎴樺＋浠綖锛屼笌鐑堢伀杩涜浜嗘畩姝荤殑鎼忔枟銆?/p>
鏈洖绛旂敱缃戝弸鎺ㄨ崘
棣栧綋鍏跺啿鐨勫悓涔夋垚璇?/h2>
棣栧綋鍏跺啿鐨勫悓涔夋垚璇?
涓椹綋鍏圼y墨m菐d膩ngxi膩n]
鍘熸寚浣滄垬鏃剁瓥椹啿閿嬪湪鍓嶃傚舰瀹归鍏堛備篃姣斿柣宸ヤ綔璧板湪缇や紬鍓嶉潰锛岀Н鏋佸甫澶淬?/p>
鏄幝锋柦鑰愬旱銆婃按娴掍紶銆嬬涔濆崄鍏洖:鈥滃嵆渚垮嫆鍏靛垪闃碉紝涓椹綋鍏堬紝椹颁笅灞辨潵锛岀姽濡傚ぉ宕╁湴濉屼箣鍔裤傗?/p>
韬厛澹崚浜夊厛鎭愬悗鍖归┈褰撳厛濂嬪媷褰撳厛閬ラ仴棰嗗厛
鐭ラ毦鑰岄鍚庢潵灞呬笂鍚庤捣涔嬬鎱㈡潯鏂悊
棣栧綋鍏跺啿鏄粈涔堟剰鎬?/h2>
棣栧綋鍏跺啿锛屽叾涓紝褰擄細鎵垮綋锛屾壙鍙楋紱鍐诧細瑕佸啿锛屼氦閫氳閬撱?/p>
杩欎釜鎴愯姣斿柣鏈鍏堝彈鍒版敾鍑绘垨閬埌鐏鹃毦銆傚睘涓ц瘝锛屼笉鍥哄畾浣滀负瑜掍箟鎴栬船涔夎В閲娿?/p>
杩樻湁涓绉嶈娉曡涓猴紝鈥滃啿鈥濆瓧搴斿綋鐞嗚В涓衡滄垬杞︼紝鏀绘晫銆佹敾鍩庣殑鎴樿溅銆傗濈被浼间簬浠婂ぉ鐨勫潶鍏嬶紝姝ュ叺韬插湪鍏跺悗闈??傚浜庡鏂规潵璇达紝棣栧厛闈㈠瀹冪殑浜猴紝褰撶劧瑕侀潰涓村法澶х殑鍗遍櫓銆?/p>
鍑哄锛氣滈褰撳叾鍐测濆師涓衡滃綋鍏跺啿鈥濓紝鍑鸿嚜銆婃眽涔β蜂簲琛屽織涓娿嬶細鈥滈儜浠ュ皬鍥芥憚涔庢檵銆佹涔嬮棿锛岄噸浠ュ己鍚达紝閮戝綋鍏跺啿锛屼笉鑳戒慨寰凤紝灏嗘枟涓夊浗锛屼互鑷嵄浜°傗?/p>
鎰忔濇槸璇撮儜鍥芥槸涓皬鍥斤紝韬鏅嬨佹銆佸惔涓変釜澶у浗涔嬮棿锛屽澧冨崄鍒嗗洶闅撅紝涓鏃﹀浗涓庡浗涔嬮棿鏈夊啿绐侊紝棣栧厛瑕侀伃娈冪殑灏辨槸閮戝浗銆?/p>
1銆佽繎涔夎瘝锛氫竴椹綋鍏?/p>
涓椹綋鍏堟槸涓涓眽璇垚璇紝鎷奸煶鏄痽墨 m菐 d膩ng xi膩n锛屾剰鎬濇槸鍘熸寚浣滄垬鏃剁瓥椹啿閿嬪湪鍓嶃傚舰瀹归鍏堛備篃姣斿柣宸ヤ綔璧板湪缇や紬鍓嶉潰锛岀Н鏋佸甫澶淬偮?/p>
鍑哄锛氭槑路鏂借愬旱銆婃按娴掍紶銆嬬涔濆崄鍏洖锛氣滃嵆渚垮嫆鍏靛垪闃碉紝涓椹綋鍏堬紝椹颁笅灞辨潵锛岀姽濡傚ぉ宕╁湴濉屼箣鍔裤傗?/p>
2銆佸弽涔夎瘝锛氱晱缂╀笉鍓?/p>
鐣忕缉涓嶅墠鏄竴涓垚璇紝璇婚煶鏄痺猫i su艒 b霉 qi谩n锛屾槸鍥犱负瀹虫曟垨鏈夐【铏戣岄缂╃殑鎰忔濄傚嚭鑷畫路榄忔嘲銆婁笢杞╃瑪褰曘嬨傚亸姝ｅ紡锛涗綔璋撹銆佸畾璇紱鍚船涔夈傝瘝鐩細棣栧綋鍏跺啿[1]绫诲瀷锛氬父瑙佽鐢ㄦ垚璇紝璇敤鑼冨洿闈炲父涔嬪箍,甯歌浜鸿鐢ㄤ负棣栧厛鎺ュ彈浠诲姟锛屾垨棣栧厛搴斿綋鍋氭煇浜嬨?/p>
鎷奸煶锛歴h菕u d膩ng q铆 ch艒ng
瑙ｉ噴锛氭瘮鍠绘渶鍏堝彈鍒版敾鍑绘垨閬亣鐏惧
棣栵細鏈鍏堛傚綋锛氶潰瀵癸紝瀵圭潃銆傚啿锛氳鍐诧紝浜ら氳閬撱?/p>
鍑哄锛氥婃眽涔β蜂簲琛屽織涓嬩箣涓娿嬶細鈥滈儜褰撳叾鍐诧紝涓嶈兘淇痉銆傗?/p>
銆愮ず渚嬨戯細楂樺鏄寳闂ㄤ竴甯︾殑棣栧瘜锛屼笉鍏嶈锝烇紝鎵浠ヨ繕鏄棭鏃╅伩寮鐨勫ソ銆傗棊宸撮噾銆婂銆嬩簩鍗佷簩
鎰熸儏鑹插僵锛氫腑鎬ф垚璇?/p>
鐢ㄦ硶锛氬姩瀹惧紡锛涗綔璋撹銆佸畾璇紱鎸囬鍏堝彈鍒版敾鍑汇?/p>
缁撴瀯锛氬姩瀹惧紡鎴愯銆?/p>
渚嬪彞锛氬湪閭ｆ牱鐨勭ぞ浼氬ぇ鐜涓?鏈夌潃椴滄槑鍙嶆姉鎰忚瘑鐨勬櫞闆繀鐒堕褰撳叾鍐插湴鎴愪负缁熸不闃剁骇杩鐨勫璞°傜被鍨嬶細甯歌璇敤鎴愯锛岃鐢ㄨ寖鍥撮潪甯镐箣骞?甯歌浜鸿鐢ㄤ负棣栧厛鎺ュ彈浠诲姟锛屾垨棣栧厛搴斿綋鍋氭煇浜嬨?/p>
鎷奸煶锛歴h菕u d膩ng q铆 ch艒ng
瑙ｉ噴锛氭瘮鍠绘渶鍏堝彈鍒版敾鍑绘垨閬亣鐏惧鏈寚澶勫湪棣栬浣嶇疆銆傛瘮鍠绘渶鍏堝彈鍒版敾鍑伙紝閬亣鐏惧鎴栧彈鍒颁激瀹?鏈涢噰绾?璋㈣阿棰樺悕]锛氶褰撳叾鍐?[鎷奸煶]锛歴h菕u d膩ng q铆 ch艒ng [瑙ｉ噴]锛氬綋锛氭壙褰擄紝鎵垮彈锛涘啿锛氳鍐诧紝浜ら氳閬撱傛瘮鍠绘渶鍏堝彈鍒版敾鍑绘垨閬埌鐏鹃毦銆?[渚嬪彞]锛氶珮瀹舵槸鍖楅棬涓甯︾殑棣栧瘜锛屼笉鍏嶈锝烇紝鎵浠ヨ繕鏄棭鏃╅伩寮鐨勫ソ銆?鈽呭反閲戙婂銆嬩簩鍗佷簩 [鏉ユ簮]锛氥婃眽涔β蜂簲琛屽織涓嬨嬶細鈥滈儜褰撳叾鍐诧紝涓嶈兘淇痉銆傗濇瘮鍠绘渶鍏堝彈鍒版敾鍑绘垨閬埌鐏鹃毦銆?/p>
棣栧綋鍏跺啿鐨勫悓涔夎瘝
涓椹綋鍏堛佸鍕囧綋鍏?銆佸鍕囦簤鍏堛佸尮椹綋鍏堛侀褰撳叾鍐?/p>
涓銆佷竴椹綋鍏?[ y墨 m菐 d膩ng xi膩n ]
銆愯В閲娿戯細鍘熸寚浣滄垬鏃剁瓥椹啿閿嬪湪鍓嶃傚舰瀹归鍏堛備篃姣斿柣宸ヤ綔璧板湪缇や紬鍓嶉潰锛岀Н鏋佸甫澶淬?/p>
銆愬嚭鑷戯細鏄幝锋柦鑰愬旱銆婃按娴掍紶銆嬬涔濆崄鍏洖锛氣滃嵆渚垮嫆鍏靛垪闃碉紝涓椹綋鍏堬紝椹颁笅灞辨潵锛岀姽濡傚ぉ宕╁湴濉屼箣鍔裤傗?/p>
銆愯瘧鏂囥戯細灏辩巼鍏靛垪闃碉紝涓涓┈褰撳厛锛岄獞椹笅灞辨潵锛屽氨鍍忓ぉ宕╁鍦板涔嬪娍銆?/p>
浜屻佸鍕囧綋鍏?[ f猫n y菕ng d膩ng xi膩n ]
銆愯В閲娿戯細榧撹捣鍕囨皵锛岃刀鍦ㄦ渶鍓嶉潰銆?/p>
銆愬嚭鑷戯細鍏兟峰叧姹夊嵖銆婂摥瀛樿呫嬬浜屾姌锛氣滄洿鏈変亢浜旂櫨涔夊叺瀹跺皢锛岄兘瑕佺殑濂嬪媷褰撳厛锛岀浉鎸佸鍨掋傗?/p>
涓夈佸鍕囦簤鍏?[ f猫n y菕ng zh膿ng xi膩n ]
銆愯В閲娿戯細榧撹捣鍕囨皵锛屽啿鍦ㄦ渶鍓嶉潰銆?/p>
銆愬嚭鑷戯細瀹嬄锋潕娓呯収 銆婃墦椹祴銆嬶細鈥滄垨琛旀灇缂撹繘锛屽凡閫惧叧濉炰箣鑹帮紱鎴栧鍕囦簤鍏堬紝鑾偀闃卞爲涔嬪潬銆傗?/p>
銆愯瘧鏂囥戯細鏈変汉鎮勬倓缂撴參鍓嶈繘锛屽凡缁忚秺杩囧叧濉炵殑鑹伴毦锛涙湁鐨勪汉濂嬪媷浜夊厛锛屾病鏈変汉鏄庣櫧闄烽槺澹曟矡鐨勫潬钀?/p>
鍥涖佸尮椹綋鍏?[ p菒 m菐 d膩ng xi膩n ]
銆愯В閲娿戯細涓椹綋鍏堛傛寚鍐查攱鍦ㄥ墠銆?/p>
銆愬嚭鑷戯細鍏兟峰叧姹夊嵖銆婁簲渚銆嬬涓夋姌锛氣滃垁妯畤瀹欎笁鍐涗抚锛屽尮椹綋鍏堟垬鐧惧悎銆傗?/p>
銆愯瘧鏂囥戯細鍙浠栫殑鍒涓鍑鸿繖涓笘鐣屼笂鏃犱汉鑳芥晫锛屽啿閿嬪湪鍓嶉潰涓庢晫鍐涘ぇ鎴樹竴鐧惧洖鍚堛?/p>
浜斻侀褰撳叾鍐?[ sh菕u d膩ng q铆 ch艒ng ]
銆愯В閲娿戯細褰擄細鎵垮綋锛屾壙鍙楋紱鍐诧細瑕佸啿锛屼氦閫氳閬撱傛瘮鍠绘渶鍏堝彈鍒版敾鍑绘垨閬埌鐏鹃毦銆?/p>
銆愬嚭鑷戯細涓滄眽 鐝浐銆婃眽涔β蜂簲琛屽織涓嬨嬶細鈥滈儜褰撳叾鍐诧紝涓嶈兘淇痉銆傗?/p>
銆愯瘧鏂囥戯細閮戞渶鍏堝彈鍒版敾鍑伙紝涓嶈兘淇範鍝佸痉銆傘愰褰撳叾鍐茶В閲娿戯細褰擄細鎵垮綋锛屾壙鍙楋紱鍐诧細瑕佸啿锛屼氦閫氳閬撱傛瘮鍠绘渶鍏堝彈鍒版敾鍑绘垨閬埌鐏鹃毦銆?/p>
杩戜箟璇嶏細涓椹綋鍏堝弽涔夎瘝锛氱晱缂╀笉鍓?/p>
鐩镐技璇嶏細棣栧厛,鍏舵鍏村啿鍐插湴鎬掓皵鍐插啿閲戠帀鍏跺,璐ョ诞鍏朵腑宸ユ鍠勫叾浜?蹇呭厛鍒╁叾鍣ㄥ惉鍏惰█瑙傚叾琛屽叴鍐插啿姘斿啿鍐?/p>
棣栧綋鍏跺啿閫犲彞1
锛?锛夐偅杈嗗け浜嬭溅瀛愬啿涓婁汉琛岄亾,绔欏湪棣欑儫鎽婂墠鐨勭敺瀛愪究棣栧綋鍏跺啿琚帇鍦ㄤ簡杞笅銆?/p>
锛?锛変粖澶╂櫄涓婂彂鐢熶簡鎶㈠姭浜嬩欢,鍖楅棬涓甯︾殑棣栧瘜楂樺棣栧綋鍏跺啿,鎹熷け鏈閲嶃?/p>
锛?锛夊湪鎶楅渿鏁戠伨鍓嶇嚎锛岃В鏀惧啗瀹樺叺棣栧綋鍏跺啿锛岃嫳鍕囧弬鍔犳晳鎻寸殑鎴樻枟銆傞褰撳叾鍐插悓涔夎瘝锛氫竴椹綋鍏?/p>
[鎷奸煶] [sh菕u d膩ng q铆 ch艒ng]
[閲婁箟] 褰擄細鎵垮綋锛屾壙鍙楋紱鍐诧細瑕佸啿锛屼氦閫氳閬撱傛瘮鍠绘渶鍏堝彈鍒版敾鍑绘垨閬埌鐏鹃毦銆?/p>
[鍑哄] 銆婁笁鍥藉織路鍏瓩鐡掍紶銆嬭４鏉句箣娉ㄥ紩銆婄尞甯濇槬绉嬨嬶細鈥滅洊闂诲湪鏄旇“鍛ㄤ箣涓栵紱鍍靛案娴佽锛涗互涓轰笉鐒讹紱宀傛剰浠婃棩韬綋鍏跺啿銆傗濋褰撳叾鍐?[sh菕u d膩ng q铆 ch艒ng]
褰擄細鎵垮綋锛屾壙鍙楋紱鍐诧細瑕佸啿锛屼氦閫氳閬撱傛瘮鍠绘渶鍏堝彈鍒版敾鍑绘垨閬埌鐏鹃毦銆?/p>
銆婁笁鍥藉織路鍏瓩鐡掍紶銆嬭４鏉句箣娉ㄥ紩銆婄尞甯濇槬绉嬨嬶細鈥滅洊闂诲湪鏄旇“鍛ㄤ箣涓栵紱鍍靛案娴佽锛涗互涓轰笉鐒讹紱宀傛剰浠婃棩韬綋鍏跺啿銆傗?/p>
鍦ㄦ墤鐏ぇ鍏村畨宀．鏋楃伀鐏剧殑鎴樻枟涓紝浜烘皯瑙ｆ斁鍐涳綖锛屼笌鐑堢伀杩涜浜嗘畩姝荤殑鎼忔枟銆?/p>
鐣忕缉涓嶅墠鍕囧線鐩村墠馃幍
